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IPCS Research Grant
Inter-disciplinary Research
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2020 Recipients
Chen, Lo-Yi, 2nd-Year Master's student. Simulation and Analysis of Hazardous Rainfall: Inundation Early Warning under Climate Change
Advisors: Dr. Jihn-Sung Lai, Dr. Tsung-Yi Pan, and Dr. Yi-Huan Hsieh
ABSTRACT
Under climate change, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events have increased. During the flood duration with the most prosperous precipitation in Taiwan, e.g., Mei-yu fronts, typhoons and convective rains, the probability of the greatest natural hazards have risen year by year. The current warning standards developed by the Water Resources Agency in response to flooding disasters set the early warning system based on the conditions of the actual rainfall in different hours and coordinate with real-time rainfall observations (such as QPESUMS). However, there is more advancement for improvement in the forecast alert. In order to develop completeness of flooding disaster warning operation, this study collected real-time radar echo maps and historical rainfall data in the flood-prone districts of Taipei City from 2014 to 2018, which are in Zhongshan District, Zhongzheng District, and Daan District, then using a neural network (Self-organizing map, SOM) establishes the relationship between the three-dimensional space radar echo data of the study area and the actual rainfall observations. After that, analyze the clustering vectors and correspond to flooding disaster events, extracting the correlation between the radar echo and the probabilistic hazards, and deciding whether the flood early warning is released in advance.
Key words: extreme rainfall; radar echo; self-organizing map; early warning; rainfall pattern analysis; rainfall threshold
Lin, Szu-Ying, 1st-Year Master's student. The impacts of terrestrial water and forest carbon uptake under change of precipitation in Chi-Lan montane cloud-fog forest
Advisor: Dr. Min-Hui Lo
ABSTRACT
To maintain the ecosystem’s equilibrium in Taiwan’s cloud-fog forest, canopy water whose sources from intercepted precipitation, fog and the early-morning dew is a significant factor. The canopy water can regulate evapotranspiration and influence the local plants’ photosynthesis, making the species evolve a unique strategy for water usage. The pattern of precipitation is found to have changed under climate change, making the dry season drier and wet season wetter. The extreme rainfall can affect the soil moisture variability and the accumulation of canopy water in cloud-fog forest. It has been proven from the previous studies that the soil moisture variability reduces evaporation and results in the decrease in photosynthesis and carbon uptake. The “rich get richer” precipitation is supposed to decrease the canopy water. Less coverage of canopy water on the stomata may contribute to the increase in transpiration, along with photosynthesis and carbon uptake. Thus, soil moisture variability and canopy water may have opposite impacts on carbon uptake under the continued intensification of precipitation. However, their combined effects on the production of cloud-fog forest ecosystem remains unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the impacts of extreme rainfall on carbon uptake and terrestrial water through two paths: canopy water and soil moisture variability. We will combine observations and modeling framework to find out which path in Chi-Lan cloud fog forest has is dominated in the carbon cycle in the past few years and the changing trend in carbon uptake.
2019 Recipients
Yu, Ke-Sin, 3rd-Year Master's Student. Simulation and Analysis for Flood Inundation Early Warning in Small Catchments Caused by Rainfall-Induced Disaster with Assessment of the Potential Effects of Climate Change-Application to Community Disaster Prevention
Advisors：Dr. Jihn-Sung Lai and Dr. Yi-Huan Hsieh
ABSTRACT
With the impact of climate change, flooding caused by extremely heavy rains has become more frequent. The development of better predictions of space and time accuracy, and the connection of disaster warning systems, and the expectation of more disaster prevention and aging in the future is now a very important issue. A perfect flood warning system is even more important in urban areas where economic activity and social resources are concentrated and have a high risk of disaster vulnerability. This study will combine the WEPS quantitative precipitation forecasting products, as well as the rainfall-runoff model, the one-dimensional, two-dimensional drainage model, and GCMs model, which considering the impact of climate change, and evaluate the precipitation events, which rainfall is over 40 mm or caused disaster in past three years in Taipei City. Then the results will improve the accuracy of precipitation and inundation forecast and provide visualized flooding forecast maps to disaster prevention communities in urban areas--take the Dahu village in Neihu District of Taipei City for example.
Key words: flood inundation early warning, climate change, community disaster prevention, ensemble precipitation forecasts, WEPS, GCMs
Xie, Sizhe, 3rd-Year Master's student. Urban community gardening in Taipei City.
Advisor: Dr. Sheng-Ling Chang
ABSTRACT
Urban community gardening has been drawing increasingly interest from academia, government, and the public in the past decades, as an approach towards urban sustainability and resilience. Existed studies on the phenomenon, however, are generally based on the western experience, while urban gardening agenda is also rising in East Asia’s industrialized cities. Through the fieldwork in Taipei City, which is featured by active civil society participation and strong government support, the Garden City Initiative (田園城市), the study intends not only to depict the overview, characteristics and diversity of the urban community gardens here, but also to analyze the dynamics of social design and the issues related to urban governance in a higher city level.
Keywords: urban gardening, community garden, sustainability, social design, urban governance
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