IPCS將於2021年3月初舉辦4場Job Talk，每場含Q&A長度約50分鐘。
各場次講題及時間如下，歡迎踴躍參與。
講題
Understanding the Causal Links between Anthropogenic Stressors and Aquatic Resources for a Changing World
時間
2021 March 2
nd, 9:30-10:20
地點
Global Change Research Centre 2F room G202
Google Meet:
https://meet.google.com/dhs-bvua-dhi
講者
Dr. Yu-Chun Kao (Biologist, U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center,
www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/yu-chun-kao)
摘要
Worldwide, aquatic ecosystems are frequently managed for provisioning ecosystem services including drinking water, irrigation, hydropower generation, and fisheries. Consequently, these ecosystems could be subject to stressors associated with human activities, such as pollution, water withdrawal, exotic species introduction, and overexploitation. Today, ecosystems are usually, if not always, affected by multiple anthropogenic stressors simultaneously, which have made it difficult to understand the exact driver(s) and causes of observed changes and make management decisions. In this seminar, I am presenting three studies led by myself for understanding (1) effects of climate and land-use changes on global lake fisheries (Kao et al. 2020 Nature Communications), (2) fish stocking efficacy in an oligotrophic ecosystem (Kao et al. 2018 Ecosystems), and (3) historical habitat use of a restoration target (Kao et al. 2020 PLOS ONE). In each of these studies, I used a different quantitative method to analyze a large data set at either a local or a global scale. Results of these projects have provided information needed to support management decision-making.
講題
Subterranean Nation: Small-Scale Mining, Indigenous Politics, and Resource Nationalism in Bolivia
時間
2021 March 4
th, 9:30-10:20
地點
Global Change Research Centre 2F room G202
Google Meet:
https://meet.google.com/pht-ayxn-zmu
講者
Dr. Andrea Marston (Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Rutgers University)
摘要
Since 2009, the rights of both Indigenous peoples and nature have been constitutionally enshrined in Bolivia’s radically restructured “plurinational” state. In this context, Bolivian mining cooperatives, which are collectives of small-scale independent miners, seem like artifacts of an earlier historical moment. Counterintuitively, however, these small-scale miners have won significant political influence, which they use to maintain Bolivia’s ‘extractivist’ economy, even in an era of Indigenous nation-building. In this talk, I draw on archival and ethnographic evidence to show 1) how Bolivia has been historically produced as a país minero (mining nation) through technoscientific and economic processes geared towards the subterranean, 2) how mining cooperatives have emerged historically at the contact zone between ruined trade unionism and Indigenous agrarian economies, and 3) how individual cooperative miners are shaped as political subjects through their everyday labors in the subterranean. Focusing on tin mining cooperatives in the highland towns of Llallagua-Uncía, I argue that successive rounds of nation-building have left material and meaningful traces embedded in the subterranean, and that these traces will continue to shape individual and collective politics well into the future.
講題
Linking biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: the impact of climate change in fragmented landscapes
時間
2021 March 8
th, 13:00-13:50
地點
Global Change Research Centre 2F room G202
線上直播:
https://youtu.be/93eCc96Zmaw
講者
Dr. Syuan-Jyun Sun 孫烜駿 (Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University)
摘要
Climate change and habitat fragmentation are two major threats, causing substantial decline in global biodiversity and altering ecosystem functioning. A key question is to understand how biodiversity persist and function in a rapidly changing world. Yet, predicting the impacts of environmental stressors on natural systems is challenging because multiple stressors can act synergistically, and because complex biotic interactions shape the response of individual species to environmental changes. My past research has taken an integrative approach, combining field survey and laboratory experimentation, to explore how ecology shapes the nature of interactions between species, which in turn mediate the response of each partner species to changing environments. Using burying beetles and their mites as a model symbiosis, I have identified the underlying mechanisms driving ecological transitions between parasitism and mutualism in response to rapidly changing environments. My future research will build upon these by addressing new, globally important questions: 1) to investigate the effect of climate change and habitat fragmentation on interacting species, 2) to test whether and how species interactions mediate the impact of environmental change, and 3) to evaluate the major consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem functions. I propose to work on dung beetles, alongside their interactions with mites, as ‘ecosystem engineers’. Dung beetles lend themselves to an answer because they feed and reproduce upon animal faeces, in doing so playing important roles in ecosystem functioning, including waste removal, nutrient cycling, pest control, and plant seed dispersal, all of which are highly sensitive to environmental conditions. My proposed research will help develop a more systematic and robust framework to understand the response of species interactions and biodiversity to environmental changes, and to provide insights to inform conservation and restoration in our human-modified landscapes.
講題
Covid-19 and Taiwan: lessons and opportunities for climate leadership
時間
2021 March 8
th, 15:30-16:20
地點
Global Change Research Centre 2F room G202
線上直播:
https://youtu.be/e1-6Jd2A-IY
講者
Dr. Bernice Maxton-Lee (Research Associate, ETH Zurich)
摘要
Climate change is gaining speed, yet global society's response does not reflect the urgency or seriousness of the crisis. What stops societies responding appropriately, and what changes are necessary to avoid a climate disaster? Covid-19, and Taiwan's response to the pandemic, provide intriguing lessons for a climate transition. To avoid runaway climate change, large sections of the current economic system must be changed beyond anything previously imagined. Until recently such huge changes were thought to be impossible, but Covid-19 has shown that it is possible to shut polluting businesses overnight and pay people during a transition - precisely the changes needed to cut GHG emissions. Taiwan's response to Covid-19 has also shown leadership unmatched in the international community. A science-based response to the crisis, and a cooperative society which can act in the long-term interests of all, is the approach necessary to manage both pandemics and climate change. What does the virus show us about how to drive a transition to an ecologically-balanced civilisation?